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Chapter 02 of 06
How the network reaches consensus and settles transactions.
Buio uses a delegated proof of stake model. Token holders delegate stake to a rotating set of 100 validators, who propose and confirm blocks. A block is final once two thirds of the active stake has signed it, which takes 0.4 seconds on average.
Smart contracts run in an EVM compatible environment, so existing Solidity contracts and tooling work without changes. Transactions are batched per block to keep fees predictable under load.
For high frequency use, Buio settles zero knowledge rollups on the base layer. Rollups post a proof with every batch, so users never have to trust the operator.